Telegraph instrument.



. O; A. GARLAND.

TELEGRAPH INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED FEB-26.19M-

1,263,402. Patented Apr.-23, 191s.

3SHEETS-SHEET I. 7 Z.

INVENTOR Oscar A Garland ATTORNEY w im O. A; GARLAND.

Patented Apr. 23, 1918.

6 T U u 6 M2 NE. E Trr S ND IE F PF A M 6 n HA m TL .P P A 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- INVENTOR Oscar ED-Z WITNESSES ATTORNEY 0. A. GARLAND.

TELEGRAPH INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATXON FILED FEB. 2a. 1916.

1,263,402. Patented Apr. 23, 1918.

3 suns-sum. 3.

Fig 6- WITNESSES WE W I ATTORNEY FITTED STATES PATENT @FFTQF).

OSCAR A. GARLAND, OF HOT SPRINGS, ARKANSAS, ASSIGNOB. 0F ONE-FOURTH TO LUCY M. SCHAER AND ONE-FOURTH T0 JULIA C. SGI-IAER, BOTH 0]? HOT sranves, ARKANSAS.

TELEGRAPH INSTRUMENT;

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 23, 1918- Application filed February 26, 1916. Serial No. 80,733.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OSCAR A. GARLAND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hot Springs, in the county of Garland and State of Arkansas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraph Instruments, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a telegraphic system of communication and the objects and nature of the invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which it appertains, in the light of the following explanation of the accompanying drawings, illustrating what I now believe to be the preferred embodiment or mechanical expression of my invention from among other forms and arrangements with the spirit of the in- .vention and the scope of the appended claims.

The primary object of my invention is the provision of an apparatus for the instruction of beginners in the art of telegraphy and to that end I provide a sending apparatus having keys, a key for each letter of the alphabet and numerals from 1 to 9 or thereover; each key when struck being adapted to record upon a receiving apparatus a series of dots and dashes correspond.

ing in the Morse code or any other code desired, to the letter or number appearing upon the key.

Another object of my invention, not less important than the preceding object, isthe provision of a receiving apparatus comprising means for recording upon a rotatable and longitudinally movable cylinder, permanent characters in the form of dots and dashes, applied to the cylinder by mechanism which is actuated from a distance by the transmitting mechanism mentioned above.

Another object of my invention is the provision in the transmitting apparatus of movable and adjustable character blocks having projections corresponding to dots and dashes, thereby permitting the'blocks to be replaced by others when having become worn or mutilated. In addition to the foregoing my invention comprehends improvement in the details or construction and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings in which similar and corresponding parts are designated by the same reference characters throughout the figures in which they appear; v

Figure 1,'is a plan view of my improved transmltting and receiving apparatus electrically connected 1n circuit,

Fig. 2, is a cross section on the line 2 2 Fig. 6, is a vertical section on line 6 6 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 7, is a section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 1, i V

Fig. 8, is a detail view of part of thecharacter recording mechanism,

With refernce to the transmitting elementof my telegraphic. system' (as shown in Fig. 2), it comprises a plurality oftelegraphic keys 1 which are pivoted upon a rod 2 supported in bearings 8. The keys are held apart by washers 5, and are preferably of hollow construction as illustrated, and located on the rod 2 is a lever 6 having at its outer extremity a striking button 7 inscribed with a letter of the alphabet or any othercharacter, and pivoted at the extremity of lever 6 at the connection of the button 7 is a contact arm designated 8. A leaf 9 is secured at the point 10 to the interior of the key and bears with its free end upon the other side of the lever 6 which is thus held against the over hanging ortion 11 of the key as shown in Fig. 2. further provide a plurality of character blocks 12 the edges of which are provided, preferably upon the corners, with a series of projections 13 adapted to be engaged by contact arms 8, said character blocks 12 being arranged in a support 1 1 formed with vertical slots 15 to receive the character blocks or plates. At one side of the support 14, there is provided a longitudinally extending bar 16, in which are mounted in screw threaded arrangement a plurality of set screws 17, which engage the edges of the character plates 12. Secured upon the upper surface of the support is a longitudinally extending bar 18 which is provided at a point directly above each key with a resilient member 19 one end of which engages the upstanding lug 20 on the character plates 12.

lhus it will be seen that by adjusting the set screw 17 in and out, the character plates may be moved in a transverse direction. It will be further noted that upon depressing one of the buttons 7 the key will be correspondingly depressed against the tension of a spring member 21 and when the tension thus applied to said spring is equal to the resistance of the leaf spring 9, the lever 6' and contact 8 which are normally disposed in angular relation to each other will be forced toward a position of alined relation and the arm 8 will be thrown outwardly until it engages the projections 13 of the character plates, a continued downward movement of the key after said engagement is arrested by a stop 22 located beneath each key.

In Fig. 3 of the drawings, I have illustrated a slightly modified form of key which diflers from the described key in the provision of an upwardly extending pivoted contact arm 8, which is adapted to be engaged by the depending portion 6 of the lever 6, the contact arm 8 being held normally away from engagement of the charac ter portions '13 by a spring 8"; otherwise the construction of the key is identical with the form previously described.

With reference to the receiving element of my telegraphic system it may be said to comprise in its essentials a cylinder 25 supported upon a screw threaded shaft 26 supported at one end in a bearing 27 upon the surface of a hollow base 23. The other end of the screw threaded shaft 26 is loosely is a pulley 32 around which a belt 33 passes for transmitting rotative movement to a pulley 34 which is splined upon the sleeve 29. splined to the sleeve 29 is a second pulley 35 around which a belt 36 passes for tie purpose of supplying rotative movement to a vertical brush shaft 37 supported in journals formed on a bracket 38. The belt 36 passes around a pulley 39 keyed. to the brush 37, and the direction of movement of the belt is changed by the interposition of a pul ley 40 mounted upon the standard 31.

Thus it will be seen that owing to the provision of the threaded shaft 23 which in screw threaded engagement with the cylinder, upon starting the motor the cylinder has imparted to it a rotative as well as axial movement and to this end the pitch of the threads upon the shaft 26 are so de signed with relation to the rotative speed imparted to the sleeve as to efficiently accomplish the object desired.

At the lower end of the shaft 37 1 provide a brush 41 which is adapted to rub the upper surface of a plate 42 disposed between the brush and the cylinder. The plate 42 is formed on the extremity of a continuation of the bracket 38 and the plate is further provided with a radial slot 44 which extends to the edge thereof.

A telegraphic sounder of the usual type is provided having the usual pivoted armature bar 45 which however in this instance is formed with a lateral ear 46. One arm 47 of a bell crank lever 48 is pivoted to the ear, the bell crank being pivotally supported upon an upstanding arm 49 and the other arm of the bell crank being pivotally connected to a horizontally movable rod 50,

the end of which enters the slot 44 of the plate 42.

A cylinder of paper or other receiving medium A is held upon the cylinder 25 and the bristles of the brush 41 are adapted to extend through the slot 44 and apply ink to the paper as long as the slot is open but as the slot is normally closed by the rod 50 the brush will not record an impression until the electro-magnets of the sounder are energized and the rod 50 thereby actuated to open the slot.

Referring to Fig. 1 it, will be noted the entire bank of keys are supplied with electrical potential by a wire 51 which extends from one terminal of the battery B, and the other terminal of the battery extends to the electromagnets of the sounder and thence to the support 14. Thus it will be obvious that upon depressing one of the character buttons 7 the contact arm of the corresponding key will engage the projections 13 and a series of impulses will be transmitted to the electromagnets of the sounder and the armature thereof will be actuated. The actuation of the armature causes the end of the arm 50 to be reciprocated in the slot thereby exposing the paper beneath the plate 42, the extension of the brush 41 through the slot recording long or short lines upon the paper; the length of such lines depending upon the length of time during which the slot remains open. As the cylinder 25 is constantly rotating as well as moving longitudinally, characters in the form of dots and dashes will be recorded upon the paper of the cylinder in the form of a continuous spiral around the cylinder and from one end to the other. Ink or other suitable pigment may be supplied to the brush 41 for the purpose set forth.

It will be apparent that I have provided an improved apparatus for the instruction of beginners in the art of telegraphy which is of extremely simple and uncomplicated structure consistent with the functions to be performed thereby. I have also provided an improved circuit closer for appaplates which are removably supported and may be adjusted toward or away from their ratus of this type which is provided with resllient means for controlling the degree of pressure of the contact arm upon its interrupted contact thereby compelling the application of a requisite and correct amount of pressure upon the key but also compensating for various degrees of pressure when the key is used by different students.

As far as I know in apparatus of this kind heretofore provided the interrupted contacts for the sending of impulses ac cording to telegraphic code were formed in one piece as an integral structure and were so arranged that when one of the characters or interrupted contacts are mutilated or worn it is impossible to replace them with out the necessity of supplying an entirely new set. T o obviate this 1 form interrupted contacts upon separate and independent corresponding contact arms.

In the apparatus heretofore provided, the characters were recorded generally upon a tape which for many reasons may be regarded as an unsatisfactory medium. I have found that a cylinder of paper lends itself very readily to the recording of messages in a'continuous spiral around the surface of the cylinder and moreover a record thus made is more easily handled and may be preserved'if desired. For students receiving instruction in telegraphy by the cor respondence method this cylinder will be found more convenient for mailing.

It is to be noted that while I have designed this apparatus primarily as a means for instruction for beginners, I nevertheless, Wish it understood that it may be equally well adapted for use in long distance communication and the advantages of the apparatus as means for communication will be obvious. It is to be further understood that while I have illustrated my apparatus in the form that produces the most eflicient results in practice Inevertheless desire to secure the privilege of altering the details of construction or otherwise varying the arrangement of the correlated parts without departing from the fundamental principles of my invention or the scope, of the appended claims.

Having now described my invention, what I claim is 1. Telegraph recording mechanism including a sounder having an armature, a cylinder axially and rotatably movable, an apertured plate held adjacent the surface of the cylinder, means operable by the armature of the sounder for opening and closing the aperture, and means for extending through the aperture when open to engage and record an impression on the convex surface of the cylinder.

2. Telegraphlc recordlng mechanism 111- cluding a sounder having an armature, a cylinder axially and rotatably movable, a plate having a radial slot, which plate is held in proximity to the surface of the cylinder, means operated by the armature of the sounder and engaging in the slot. for openin and closing the same, and means adapted to extend through the slot when open for depositing pigment and recording an impression upon the cylinder.

3. Telegraphic recording mechanism-including a sounder having an armature, a cylinder movable axially and rotatably, a plate disposed in close proximity tothe surface of the cylinder, said plate having a radial slot, a longitudinally movable bar the end of which extends into the slot and is adapted to vary the length of the slot when moved, means connected to the sounder ar mature'for actuating the bar, and means adapted to extend through the slot to deposit pigment and record a short or long line on the cylinder depending upon the length of time during which the slot is held open. 7

Telegraph recording mechanism including a sounder having a movable armature, a cylinder axially and rotatably movable, a plate supported in close proximity to the surface of the cylinder, said plate having a radial slot extending to the edge thereof, a bar, the end of which extends into the slot, means connected to the armature for reciprocating the bar longitudinally a rotatable brush disposed above the plate and the bristles of which extend through the slot when open to deposit pigment on the cylinder in the forms of dots and dashes.

5. Telegraph recording mechanism including a sounder having an armature, a hollow base, a support on the base, a threaded shaft held at one end in the support, a cylinder having screw threaded engagement with the shaft, a motor, means operated by the motor for rotating the same to cause axial and rotatable movement thereof, a

slotted plate held in close proximity to the surface of the cylinder, a bracket for supporting the plate, a shaft journaled in the bracket, a brush on the end of the shaft, means operable by the motor for rotating the shaft, and means operable by the sounder for varying the length of the slot, whereby the bristles of the brush are extended through the slot to record characters thereon in the form of dots and dashes.

6. Telegraph recording apparatus including a base, a sounder supported on the base, a support, a stationary threaded shaft having one end supported in the support, cylinder supported on the threaded shaft and having threaded engagement therewith, a sleeve surroundin the shaft at one end thereof, the end o the sleeve being secured to the cylinder, a support for the sleeve afi'ording sliding engagement, a splined pulley on the sleeve, a motor having a pulley, a belt connecting the motor pulley With the aforesaid pulley on the sleeve, a second splined pulley on the sleeve, a slotted plate held in close proximity to the surface of the cylinder, a stationary bracket for supporting the plate, a brush shaft journaled in the bracket, a pulley on the said shaft, an idle pulley supported on the sleeve bearing an endless belt connecting the second splined pulley and the aforesaid brush shaft pulley, said belt passing over the idler pulley and a brush on the end of the brush shaft.

7. Telegraph recording mechanism ineluding a sounder having an armature, a cylinder axially and rotatably movable, a

- plate held in close proximity to the convex meaaoe surface of the cylinder said plate having a slot, a movable bar the end of Which engages in the slot to vary the length thereof, a bell crank having one end pivoted to the opposite end of the bar, a support for the bell crank, an ear provided on the sounder armature, said armature having pivotal connection with the other end of the bell crank whereby upon actuation of the armature the bar is reciprocated, and means above the plate for extending through the slot to record an impression upon the cylinder.

In. testimony whereof I a'l'lix my signature in presence of twovvitnesses.

OSCAR A. GARLAND. lVitnesses V JoHN L. -WELDON,

J OHN C. GATES.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

It is hereby certified that Letters Patent No. 1,263,402, granted April 23, 1918, upon the application of Oscar A. Garland, of Hot Springs, Arkansas, for an improvement in Telegraph Instruments, were erroneously issued to the inventor, said Garland, and Lucy M. Schaer and Julia 0. Schaer as assignees of one-fourth interest each, Whereas said Letters Patent should have been issued to said Garland and Lucy M. Schaer and Julia C. Schaer as assignees of one-fourth interest, jointly, as shown by the records of assignments in this ofiice; and that the said Letters Patent should be read With this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Ofiice.

Signed and sealed this 11th day of June, A. D., 1918.

[SEAL] r. W. H. CLAY,

Acting Commissioner of Patents. Cl. 17889. 

